{"id":6530,"date":"2024-03-12T21:05:22","date_gmt":"2024-03-12T15:35:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/?p=6530"},"modified":"2024-08-15T12:49:10","modified_gmt":"2024-08-15T07:19:10","slug":"dns-oarc-dns-community-day","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/2024\/03\/dns-oarc-dns-community-day\/","title":{"rendered":"DNS-OARC DNS Community Day"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The DNS-OARC folks organized a DNS Community Day at the <a href=\"https:\/\/2024.apricot.net\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">APRICOT 2024\/APNIC 57 conference<\/a> on 26th February 2024. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:12px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-about-dns-oarc\"><strong>About DNS-OARC<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The DNS Operations, Analysis, and Research Center (DNS-OARC) brings together key operators, implementors, and researchers on a trusted platform so they can coordinate responses to attacks and other concerns, share information and learn together.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:12px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The recent <a href=\"https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/2024\/02\/dns-keytrap-vulnerability\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">DNS KeyTrap<\/a> vulnerability disclosure and collaboration efforts by all stakeholders was the result of DNS-OARC community.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/PXL_20240226_052223143-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"DNS Community Day\" class=\"wp-image-6605\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/PXL_20240226_052223143-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/PXL_20240226_052223143-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/PXL_20240226_052223143-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/PXL_20240226_052223143-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/PXL_20240226_052223143-2048x1152.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The DNS Community Day was an excellent opportunity to meet with fellow DNS folks from the Asia Pacific region. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:12px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/shreshtait.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Our<\/a> CEO, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/swapneel-patnekar\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Swapneel Patnekar<\/a> attended the DNS Community Day and also presented &#8220;Open Resolvers and why do they still exist&#8221; and &#8220;Who is living off your domain name?&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/PXL_20240226_052336865-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"DNS-OARC DNS Community day\" class=\"wp-image-6607\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/PXL_20240226_052336865-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/PXL_20240226_052336865-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/PXL_20240226_052336865-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/PXL_20240226_052336865-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/PXL_20240226_052336865-2048x1152.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>We have been <a href=\"https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/2023\/04\/open-resolvers-understanding-security-risks-and-best-practices\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">researching about Open Resolvers in India<\/a> and have written about it in the past. Here is a sneak peek into the presentation. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:12px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-open-resolvers-and-why-do-they-still-exist\"><strong>Open Resolvers and why do they still exist? <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-scope-of-open-resolvers\"><strong>Scope of Open Resolvers<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Focus is on open resolvers excluding the ones operated by Quad resolver operators, threat intelligence company(honeypots) etc<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DNS servers with recursion enabled accepting DNS queries from any IP address on the Internet<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:12px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-open-resolvers-in-india\"><strong>Open Resolvers in India<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"649\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Screenshot-2024-02-21-at-9.09.01\u202fPM-649x1024.png\" alt=\"open resolvers\" class=\"wp-image-6621\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Screenshot-2024-02-21-at-9.09.01\u202fPM-649x1024.png 649w, https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Screenshot-2024-02-21-at-9.09.01\u202fPM-190x300.png 190w, https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Screenshot-2024-02-21-at-9.09.01\u202fPM-768x1211.png 768w, https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Screenshot-2024-02-21-at-9.09.01\u202fPM.png 852w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 649px) 100vw, 649px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Shodan reveals 200,000+ open resolvers in India alone (as on 21st Feb 2024 3:03 pm UTC)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Count could be possibly higher considering large scale CGNAT deployment by network operators in the country<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:12px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>As much as we would wish that CGNAT would magically disappear, CGNAT saves India! <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-why-are-these-open-resolvers-a-problem\"><strong>Why are these Open Resolvers a problem? <\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Case in point, between 15 January 2023, 15:01:17 and 10 April 2023, 01:28:31, a single instance of our honeypot received 135,972,316 DNS queries from Brazil for the domain higi.com.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To understand this problem at Internet scale, the good folks at dataplane.org, make available a dataset of <a href=\"https:\/\/dataplane.org\/signals\/dnsrd.txt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">IP addresses identified as sending recursive DNS queries.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:12px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-is-a-dns-amplification-attack\"><strong>What is a DNS amplification attack?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cloudflare.com\/learning\/ddos\/what-is-a-ddos-attack\/\">DDoS attack<\/a> is a reflection-based volumetric distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack in which an attacker leverages the functionality of open <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cloudflare.com\/learning\/ddos\/glossary\/domain-name-system-dns\/\">DNS<\/a> resolvers in order to overwhelm a target server or network with an amplified amount of traffic, rendering the server and its surrounding infrastructure inaccessible. <sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cloudflare.com\/learning\/ddos\/dns-amplification-ddos-attack\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:12px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-why-do-open-resolvers-still-exist\"><strong>Why do open resolvers still exist? <\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Broken CPE devices running busybox etc which are EOL, no firmware updates from the manufacturer. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Cases of misconfiguration &#8211;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Authoritative name servers misconfiguration with recursion enabled to the Internet<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Enterprise recursive resolvers misconfiguration and exposed to the Internet accepting DNS queries from any IP address<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:12px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-historical-trends\"><strong>Historical trends<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>It is also interesting to see historical trends in Open resolvers across different geographies. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-japan\"><strong>Japan<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The attack surface of Open resolvers in Japan has been diminishing over the years. It would be interesting to know, how much of this can be attributed to NICT (Japan\u2019s sole national research and development agency) <a href=\"https:\/\/resources.infosecinstitute.com\/topics\/iot-security\/japans-iot-scanning-project-looks-for-vulnerable-iot-devices\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">IoT scanning project<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"454\" src=\"https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Screenshot-2024-03-12-at-1.27.30\u202fPM-1024x454.png\" alt=\"Japan open resolver historical trend\" class=\"wp-image-6631\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Screenshot-2024-03-12-at-1.27.30\u202fPM-1024x454.png 1024w, https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Screenshot-2024-03-12-at-1.27.30\u202fPM-300x133.png 300w, https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Screenshot-2024-03-12-at-1.27.30\u202fPM-768x340.png 768w, https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Screenshot-2024-03-12-at-1.27.30\u202fPM-1536x680.png 1536w, https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Screenshot-2024-03-12-at-1.27.30\u202fPM-2048x907.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:12px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-india\"><strong>India<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Alarmingly, the total number of open resolvers in India seems to be growing. Interestingly, the total number of open resolvers dipped between 2020 and 2022. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"456\" src=\"https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Screenshot-2024-03-12-at-1.28.20\u202fPM-1024x456.png\" alt=\"India open resolver historical trend\" class=\"wp-image-6632\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Screenshot-2024-03-12-at-1.28.20\u202fPM-1024x456.png 1024w, https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Screenshot-2024-03-12-at-1.28.20\u202fPM-300x134.png 300w, https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Screenshot-2024-03-12-at-1.28.20\u202fPM-768x342.png 768w, https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Screenshot-2024-03-12-at-1.28.20\u202fPM-1536x685.png 1536w, https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Screenshot-2024-03-12-at-1.28.20\u202fPM-2048x913.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:12px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-best-practices\"><strong>Best practices<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Allow access to the recursive resolver only to the authorized IP addresses\/netblock.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Response rate limiting.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>On an authoritative-only nameserver, disable recursion.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>For network operators \u2014 implement <a href=\"https:\/\/datatracker.ietf.org\/doc\/html\/rfc2827\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">BCP 38<\/a> (Network Ingress Filtering).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ICANN Knowledge-Sharing and Instantiating Norms for DNS and Naming Security(<a href=\"https:\/\/kindns.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">KINDNS<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:12px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-shadowserver-network-reports\"><strong>ShadowServer Network Reports<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If you are a network operator, consider signing-up for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shadowserver.org\/what-we-do\/network-reporting\/get-reports\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ShadowServer reports<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The reports are free of cost and are not limited to port 53. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:12px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-checkopenresolver-in-project\"><strong>Checkopenresolver.in project<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>From a consumer perspective, our web tool <a href=\"https:\/\/checkopenresolver.in\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CheckOpenResolver<\/a> can be used to check if a router\/CPE is an open resolver. The objective of the web tool is to make it easy for a user to check an open resolver in their home network. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Update &#8211; March, 13th 2024<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-who-is-living-off-your-domain-name\"><strong>Who is living off your domain name?<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Our second presentation at the DNS Community Day was about detecting domain shadowing attacks from a domain registrant&#8217;s perspective.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Full details in the blog post below,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-shreshta-blog wp-block-embed-shreshta-blog\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"4SJoRZNay0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/2024\/03\/shadowfindr-uncover-domain-shadowing-attacks\/\">ShadowFindr &#8211; Uncover domain shadowing attacks<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;ShadowFindr &#8211; Uncover domain shadowing attacks&#8221; &#8212; Shreshta Blog\" src=\"https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/2024\/03\/shadowfindr-uncover-domain-shadowing-attacks\/embed\/#?secret=mPU4KTCMgo#?secret=4SJoRZNay0\" data-secret=\"4SJoRZNay0\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Update 15th August 2024:<\/strong> Our CEO, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/swapneel-patnekar\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Swapneel Patnekar<\/a>, recently presented about domain shadowing attacks and ShadowFindr at the APAC DNS Forum 2024,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-shreshta-blog wp-block-embed-shreshta-blog\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"xr6uNVJFhX\"><a href=\"https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/2024\/08\/apac-dns-forum\/\">APAC DNS Forum<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;APAC DNS Forum&#8221; &#8212; Shreshta Blog\" src=\"https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/2024\/08\/apac-dns-forum\/embed\/#?secret=M5gT8Qpq6J#?secret=xr6uNVJFhX\" data-secret=\"xr6uNVJFhX\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The DNS-OARC folks organized a DNS Community Day at the APRICOT 2024\/APNIC 57 conference on 26th February 2024. About DNS-OARC The DNS Operations, Analysis, and Research Center (DNS-OARC) brings together key operators, implementors, and researchers on a trusted platform so they can coordinate responses to attacks and other concerns, share information and learn together. The [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":6532,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[43,42],"tags":[154,153,156,45,152,150,149,151,155],"class_list":["post-6530","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dns","category-threat-intelligence","tag-apnic-57","tag-apricot-2024","tag-checkopenresolver","tag-dns","tag-dns-community-day","tag-dns-oarc-2","tag-dns-oarc","tag-open-resolvers","tag-shadowserver"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>DNS Security &amp; Threat Intelligence Blog | Shreshta<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"We attended the DNS-OARC DNS Community Day 2024 and presented &quot;Why do open resolvers still exist&quot; and &quot;Who is living off your domain name?&quot;\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/shreshtait.com\/blog\/2024\/03\/dns-oarc-dns-community-day\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"DNS-OARC DNS Community Day\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"We attended the DNS-OARC DNS Community Day 2024 and presented &quot;Why do open resolvers still exist&quot; 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